Polycystic Kidney Disease
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Autosomal recessive polycystic disease produces large, very echogenic kidneys (Fig 1A). The numerous very tiny cysts are usually too small to see with US. Amniotic fluid is minimal or absent.
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Autosomal dominant polycystic disease may produce large echogenic kidneys with multiple cysts (Fig 1 B), but amniotic fluid volume is usually normal.


Figure 1 Polycystic Kidney Disease.
A. Bilateral large, diffusely echogenic kidneys (arrows) are indicative of autosomal recessive polycystic disease in the fetus. Image is in transverse plane.
B. Multiple bilateral discrete renal cysts in enlarged kidneys (arrows) are indicative of autosomal dominant polycystic disease in the fetus. Image is in coronal plane. HT, heart.


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